What Is Research Report Writing?

What Is Research Report Writing?While reading about research report writing, you may have a hard time distinguishing between the types of essay you should write and the research report essay. Let's look at what you will need to know about this topic before you begin your research essay.Before beginning, the most basic facts about research are the number of people that the study or research was done on and the basic information that was gathered from them. This is the type of research report that will be required to satisfy the standards for licensure. The next type of research involves the actual report itself.You will need to start off by preparing a written report about the research itself that contains the basic facts, a conclusion as well as explanations for the findings. You can ask the client to review the report, give you feedback on it and check that it is accurate before it is submitted to the publishing company for submission.If you write a research report based on research that was conducted by someone else, you will need to identify who conducted the research for you. There are many ways you can do this. You can ask the client if they want you to list the names of the researchers who did the research and you will need to ensure that the research did not lead to any untoward results.You will also need to check that the basics of the basic research that you wrote is correct. A big mistake that is made by some students who do research report essays is that they use inaccurate information that leads to inaccurate conclusions.It is recommended that you write a research report that can easily be understood by anyone who is not familiar with the topic. This is so you do not waste time with giving information to clients that they cannot follow.In order to avoid this mistake, you should write your research report essay in such a way that anyone could easily understand it. Keep in mind that this is the type of research report that will help you with licensure requirements and may be required by the company you are working for.

Corruption as a Major Problem in the Society - 275 Words

Corruption as a Major Problem in the Society (Essay Sample) Content: Corruption as a Major Problem in the SocietyStudents Name:Institutional Affiliation:Corruption as a Major Problem in the SocietyThe modern day society faces numerous predicaments such as racism, corruption, climatic changes, and poverty. However, corruption is the most pressing issue that the society faces today. According to a study executed by Donchev Ujhelyi (2014), the vice has a substantial impact on the economic and political status of any given state across the globe. Fraud touches on bribery, the imposition of regulations to favor particular groups of individuals, imbalanced allocation of resources and the embezzlement of government funds (Rose-Ackerman Palifka, 2016). Therefore, this article is a presentation of corruption as the most critical societal predicament today, the justifications and appropriate remedies to deal with the issue.Shrivastava Bhattacherjee (2014), purport that fraud takes place at both the micro and macro levels of the society. From a simple action of misusing their power to harass and claim bribes from citizens, law enforcement officers are frequent victims of promoting corruption at the micro level. On the other hand, the government commits the macro level fraud by engaging in fraudulent activities such as the imbalanced allocation of resources, misuse of public funds and enactment of regulations to favor certain individuals. In collaboration, Donchev Ujhelyi (2014) reveal that corruption is political as well as an economic phenomenon that distorts the social-cultural settings of the society such as economic efficiency, governmental proficiency, and financial wealth. Thus, it is beyond reasonable doubts that corruption is a real societal problem that needs attention.To sum up, the government should consider remunerating its servants properly and creating openness as well as transparency in its dealings. Reasonable salaries and incentives motivate employees such as the police to ensure efficiency in t...

Understanding The Corporate Debt Market In India Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1378 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? The Planning era began since 1951 and DFIs were increasingly encouraged to finance the project funding needs of the Indian corporate sector. The Government of India and RBI facilitated the concessional rates for corporate sector by giving the following to the DFIs: Access to low cost funds Permission to issue bonds with government guarantee Allocations from budget With the onset of economic reforms, the budgetary support and government guarantee to DFIs was withdrawn. The DFIs converted themselves into commercial banks to have access to the public deposit mechanism and served as source of long term finance to the Indian corporate sector. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Understanding The Corporate Debt Market In India Finance Essay" essay for you Create order Primary issuance market, in the corporate debt market, is dominated by non-banking finance companies and relatively small amount of funds are raised through issuance of debt papers by manufacturing and other service industries. The following are some of the different types of corporate debt securities issued: Non-Convertible Debentures Partly-Convertible Debentures/Fully-Convertible Debentures (convertible in to Equity Shares) Secured Premium Notes Debentures with Warrants Deep Discount Bonds PSU Bonds/Tax-Free Bonds The sections herein explain the following: Significance of a vibrant corporate bond market Prerequisites for the development of corporate debt market Reasons for under-development of the corporate bond market in India Significance of a well developed corporate bond market 1. Reduce dependence on banks for long term finance Due to regulatory constraints and absence of proper incentives to opt for corporate debt, the corporate sector in India prefers the banks as a source of long term finance. The East Asian crisis showed the pitfall of excessive reliance on bank financing. 2. Create a source of long term financing Developing countries like India will have opportunities for long term investments, especially in infrastructure projects. Banks, having short term liabilities, may not be able to continue and meet the growing needs of a developing country with long term financing requirements. A vibrant bond market gives access to such long term debt. The ability of raise funds has a long lasting effect of the growth of the economy of a country. Hence creating a more stable source of long term finance is crucial. 3. Cheaper source of finance Corporates with good credit rating lose out on the opportunity to raise funds directly from the market. As the corporate debt market develops and becomes liquid, the cost of raising funds will also reduce and also bring stability. Prerequisites Less complex regulatory framework for public issues The main deterrence to corporate in issuing debt securities to the public is the lengthy and rigorous procedure that entails it. Thus the regulatory framework needs to be simplified and made more conducive and issuer friendly to good credit rated companies. Reduction in time and cost of issuances The time required and the costs incurred in making public issues must be reduced to incentivise the corporate sector. Reduction of corporate sector dependence on banks The mindset of the Indian Corporate sector to depend on banks to finance their long term investment needs must change. Legal Structure There must a robust legal structure in place to encourage innovative financial products that would cater to various risk-return appetite of a diverse set of investors. Market Infrastructure The market must be made more conducive to the trading, reporting and settlement of trades in the corporate bond market. Transparency must brought in through efficient price discovery process. Presence of rating agencies Credible rating agencies must be present in the market to give information about the credit worthiness of the issuer and the debt securities Developed Government securities market The G-Sec market needs to be well-developed as the price and yield of corporate bonds are marked on the basis of the benchmark G-Sec prices and yields. Reasons for slow development of Indian corporate debt market Lengthy regulatory requirements and disclosures The regulatory requirements for public issues were rigorous in terms of quality and type of disclosures Utilization of funds The utilization of funds raised through public debt securities was required approval and was mandatorily needed to be disclosed to the retail investors. Minimum Investment Grade Bonds had to have a certain minimum investment grade for it to be issued in the primary market. Those below this minimum investment grade were not allowed to be issued to the public. This clause was removed as per circular to amend the DIP (Disclosure and Investor Protection) Guidelines, 2000. Risks Involved The offer document must contain the issueracirc;â‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s perception of risk on matters such as assets and debtors, dilution risk (changes in credit quality of pool of assets), currency, interest and other risks. Disclosures Disclosures regarding the public offer, the debt instruments, the issuer, the originator, the servicer, the Trustees, the transaction structure and cash flows. The rigorous norms that have to be followed for issuing bonds make this process lengthy and burdensome process as compared to raising funds from the banks or other institutions or through private placement option Listing of debt securities Filing on stock exchanges: The firm needs to make an application to one or more recognized stock exchanges for listing of their debt securities. Draft offer documents: The firm needs to file draft offer documents with the designated stock exchange and have it posted on the websites (if any) of the company, lead merchant banker and the designated stock exchanges. Excessive dependence on bank loans and private placement The Corporate prefers bank loans to finance its long term investment needs to issuing debt securities in the primary market. Also, they can raise funds in the primary market through public issue of bonds or through the private placement route. The Indian corporate sector still prefers private placement as the firms find issuance of public debt securities is a lengthy and rigorous task. Also, the cost of issuance exceeds the cost of private placement. Another factor is that more funds can be raised through the private placement route. Non-transparency The corporate bond market was non-transparent as there was no system to enable efficient price discovery and allow comparison of prices quoted by seller and strike the best deals. Non-availability of information Till 2007, there was no information available on the trading activities in the corporate debt market. To improve this, SEBI, in 2007, permitted BSE and NSE to set up reporting as well as trading platforms to get real time information of trade volume, trading prices and other trading activity related data. Trading on OTC market could be reported through the reporting tool of NSE or BSE. Issuance costs Advertisements The public issue needs to be accompanied by advertisements in a national daily with wide circulation informing the public about the issue and giving truthful information. Credit Rating Earlier, bond issuers had to obtain rating from two separate credit rating agencies increasing the cost of issuances. This clause has been amended since 2007 to obtain rating from just one rating agency. Minimum Subscription The issuer may decide on a minimum amount of debt it seeks to raise from the public and it must be mentioned in the offer document. In the event of non-receipt of the minimum subscription, the money needs to be refunded to the applicants. Thus all costs involved for issuance like merchant banker charges, advertisement costs will have to be incurred with no result. Dematerialization of instruments Also, the issuer has to enter into an arrangement with a registered depository for dematerialization of the securitized debt instruments that are proposed to be issued to the public. Auditing expenses An auditor and a valuer may be appointed to look into the books of accounts of the entity and for proper valuation of asset pools. The expenses of such an audit may be borne by the originator. Fees Application fees, registration fees, annual fees, filing fees for offer documents. Settlement and Clearing System There was no settlement and clearing system in place for the corporate bonds. The settlement on BSE is done on a rolling basis using BOLT (BSE Online Trading) whereas NSE uses its NSCCL (National Securities Clearing Corp. Ltd) platform to settle corporate bonds trades. However, majority of the transaction is in the OTC market with bilateral settlement. Investor diversity Most of the investors do not have a long term view in mind. The household which could form a major part of the investor base is practically absent in the corporate debt market in India.

Health Care Degree Opportunities 2019

The past twenty years have ushered dramatic changes in health care. Technological advancements have significantly increased the types of medical exams and treatments that are at the disposal of physicians. The development of managed health care has also altered traditional medical practices. For instance, the invention of numerous types of scanning equipment has changed the field of radiography. This new series of equipment calls for people who can operate them. As a result of new lab technology, there are a number of new specializations for lab technicians. Because of the financial issues created by the power of the insurance industry, along with the persistent problem of insufficient nursing staffs, positions such as a nurse or a medical assistant have become absolutely essential. The job requirements of a medical assistant include a vast variety of tasks and responsibilities, depending on where the position is held. These responsibilities can range from being a helping hand to a doctor, or handling certain recorded activities with patients. .u4dda764adc6d7e6bb86a9581f417daa8 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u4dda764adc6d7e6bb86a9581f417daa8:active, .u4dda764adc6d7e6bb86a9581f417daa8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u4dda764adc6d7e6bb86a9581f417daa8 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u4dda764adc6d7e6bb86a9581f417daa8 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u4dda764adc6d7e6bb86a9581f417daa8 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u4dda764adc6d7e6bb86a9581f417daa8:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ An Executive MBA Is The Leadership DegreeAll of these careers have some sort of degree program available. A position like nursing requires a great deal of study that not will necessarily earn a bachelors degree. Other jobs require a certain group of classes along with an exam and certification. The state department of health normally regulates the standards for positions that require certification. You can check with your state department of health about such a position to find out what the requirements are exactly. There are a number of college degrees available in the health care field, including nursing, and a host of health care management or administration careers. Many online colleges provide three degree levels, bachelors, masters and doctorate, in the area of health administration. These include Warren National University, University of Phoenix, and Kaplan University, which also offers a program that enables registered nurses to obtain a bachelors degree. The University of Phoenix Online offer a variety of specializations including health care education, integrative health care, and a nursing combined with a masters in health administration (double major) and a masters in nursing combined with an MBA which has a specialty in health care management (also a double major). .u253750be3351ab810beceb2ccb335158 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u253750be3351ab810beceb2ccb335158:active, .u253750be3351ab810beceb2ccb335158:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u253750be3351ab810beceb2ccb335158 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u253750be3351ab810beceb2ccb335158 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u253750be3351ab810beceb2ccb335158 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u253750be3351ab810beceb2ccb335158:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Nonprofit Jobs Training to be a Manager of VolunteersThere is a degree program provided by the Florida Metropolitan University for Assisted Living Administration. Due to our maturing population, assisted living has become a growing health care specialization. There is a number of assisted living facilities that need trained individuals. Florida Metropolitan University also has a bachelors degree program for health administration. Not all programs are offered online, but there are some health care degree programs offered on campus. The health care industry is a rapidly growing field, and many people are choosing to go back to school to take advantage of this opportunity. It is a great choice for an initial career, or a career change. Related ArticlesStudent Health Care Plans for School NursesChoosing a Good Health Care PlanDeveloping School Health Care PlansHealth Care Administration CareersBachelor Degree in Nursing Online Nephrology Nurses Attend to the Complex Needs of Patients with Kidney DiseaseBachelor Degree Nursing Online Program Forensic Corrections Nurses Provide Needed Treatment to Inmates .u9ce22b7244f95779435835895f3c0c57 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u9ce22b7244f95779435835895f3c0c57:active, .u9ce22b7244f95779435835895f3c0c57:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; te xt-decoration:none; } .u9ce22b7244f95779435835895f3c0c57 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u9ce22b7244f95779435835895f3c0c57 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u9ce22b7244f95779435835895f3c0c57 .postTitle { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u9ce22b7244f95779435835895f3c0c57:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Creating Alternative-Fuel Vehicles is High on the Priority List for Environmental Engineers

Analysis Of Brave New World - 1732 Words

While in some extreme situations it can be useful to gain some semblance of unity and organization, totalitarian societies damage one s individuality and feeling of self-worth; defining people without ever allowing them to make their own decisions. This can potentially cause one to feel ousted or distress. Totalitarianism creates no outlet for personal growth, and as seen in Brave New World. Totalitarian societies strip people of their basic human right, free will. Totalitarian governments impair the success of individuals, ultimately failing society. Totalitarian societies damage one’s individuality and feeling of self-worth. In Brave New World, we see that for some characters there is no healthy concept of self-esteem or worth present. Psychologist consider healthy self-esteem as â€Å"recognizing your own self-worth, believing in your abilities, knowing yourself well enough to stand up for what you believe in, and being strong when you feel challenged† (Shankman 93). Lenina Crowne is one of the main female characters; she works at the hatchery and is a citizen of the World State. Lenina has proven multiple times that she has no concept of what it means to feel as though she deserves to make her own choices. Lenina’s sense of self-worth comes from the caste system that the World State has created. She chastises the castes that are below her, finding her self-worth in something that she has had no control in choosing, her caste (which we are never told). â€Å"My word,† saidShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Brave New World 970 Words   |  4 PagesManeth Chan The characters in Brave New World are all conditioned in their ways. Even John himself has been conditioned. Brave New World is set in a future London after horrible wars, the aftermath of which leads the government to condition everyone and everything. Bernard Marx, Helmholtz Watson, and Lenina Crowne have all been conditioned from the time they were in the tube to their current everyday lives. Conditioning never really stops; it just takes different forms. John how was raised byRead MoreBrave New World Analysis1257 Words   |  6 Pages In Brave New World, the author Aldous Huxley predicts a future, like no other, where truth is trumped by happiness. The people in the World State are ignorant of the truth. They mistake the truth as happiness. This ignorance leads them to believe that a tablet called soma is used â€Å"to calm your anger, to reconcile you to your enemies, to make you patient† (Huxley 213). Through drugs and conditioning, the government has kept the Worl d State uninformed of the truth. Being controlled by the governmentRead MoreAnalysis Of Brave New World 1131 Words   |  5 Pagesalways off the mark. We wish to remain true to ourselves, but who gets to decide who we are as people? When our image never goes hand-in-hand with reality, where can we find something unique? Where can we find our true selves?† In the Text of Brave New World John undergoes through his life as an outsider, and struggles to find his identity. He struggles to hold on to his morals and his sense of justice through the events of his lifetime. Meanwhile in the movie Gattaca Vincent was born in the mostRead MoreAnalysis Of Brave New World 1251 Words   |  6 Pagesway of shutting it off completely† (Orwell 2). Most of the people in both societies are okay with the constant surveillance and manipulation, and for this reason, they also do not mind the case system that is implemented into both societies. In Brave New World, everyone accepts their ca ste, even the lowest ones. The government tries to make sure that people do not socialize outside of their caste so that another caste doesn’t get jealous and rebel. One woman, a Beta, was happy with her caste becauseRead MorePostmans Analysis of Brave New World766 Words   |  4 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp; Postmans Analysis of Brave New World nbsp; nbsp; As analyzed by social critic Neil Postman, Huxleys vision of the future, portrayed in the novel Brave New World, holds far more relevance to present day society than that of Orwells classic 1984.nbsp; Huxleys vision was simple:nbsp; it was a vision of a trivial society, drowned in a sea of pleasure and ignorant of knowledge and pain, slightly resembling the world of today.nbsp; In society today, knowledgeRead MoreAnalysis Of Brave New World 3769 Words   |  16 PagesBrave New World revolves around the idea of totalitarianism and is set in a futuristic world where the State uses science and pleasure to form a controlled society. The novel argues that the most powerful totalitarian state would be one that doesn t overwhelm and frighten its citizens, but instead manages to convince its citizens to love their slavery. In the novel, the Director uses that the Bokanovsky Process to help social stability because the clones (humans) it produces are made to do thingsRead MoreBrave New World Critical Analysis755 Words   |  4 PagesMiriam Flagg AP Literature and Composition Aug. 29, 2017 Analysis of â€Å"Brave New World† Brave New World is a novel by Aldous Huxley. It takes place in the dystopian future where people are grown in batches and no one is given birth to. From there, they are conditioned to be perfect citizens in what is now considered a perfect civilization. Because of the way this society is, there is almost no room for outsiders. Those who don’t cooperate with society are exiled to an island. However, this isn’tRead MoreBrave New World Literary Analysis1449 Words   |  6 PagesIn the novel, Brave New World, written by Aldous Huxley, the author uses many literary elements to explore the issue of humans being dictated into a new world and different society in which they are taught that immoral and wrong things that are not okay in today’s society are praised upon in this new society. Huxley uses many different themes and literary elements throughout this novel to explore the many issues happening during this time of society. Throughout the novel Huxley uses a theme of brainwashingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Brave New World 1213 Words   |  5 PagesBrave New World-Book Chart Title Significance The author chose the title ‘Brave New World’ because it is a reference to what John had read in a book. Like the character in the book, John believes he will enjoy this new world and will finally fit in somewhere, but it’s when he gets there that he realizes that the new world is restricting him from being himself. Also, I think the book is called ‘Brave New World’ because it relates to plot when John is leaving the reservation where he is not respectedRead MoreBrave New World Idiocracy Analysis849 Words   |  4 Pagescomparing Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World to Mike Judge’s Idiocracy. Both manifest a problem of their society through the use of satire. Satire is a method of ridiculing a problem to people to prompt them to protest for change. Although Brave New World’s universe is a polar opposite of Idiocracy and their satirical plots effectively evoke denunciation of problems, Idiocracy more persuasively expresses their overarc hing satirical message. Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World is conveying the problem of

Analysis of Koppelmans Arguement in Support of Same Sex...

In the past few decades, the question of allowing for same-sex marriage is a recurring topic of controversy. In the houses of same-sex couples, the need for equal rights is of great importance. Currently, many states ban the marriage of same-sex couples and do not view a marriage between same-sex couples as an official marriage. These states quote the Constitutional definition of marriage as a union between a man and a woman. Therefore, with this definition, the marriage of a man and a man or a woman and a woman is unconstitutional. As of the issue date of this article, the Supreme Court had not made a national decision on same-sex marriage and the benefits entitled to that marriage. This CQ Researcher journal focuses on the topic of†¦show more content†¦Same-sex marriage defies these complex ideals. For same-sex couples, the need for a shotgun wedding is superfluous, as there are no instances of an unplanned pregnancy among same-sex couples. The delay in the procreation of same-sex couples promotes the couple to be more educated when they desire to have children. This produces a new method in which children’s needs are met. The family is more financially stable than a family of an unplanned pregnancy. This new model separates sex from reproduction; therefore, it is not threatened by sex that is not for procreation. Koppelman even questions whether the old traditional model is feasible in contemporary America. An analysis of the argument proposed by Koppelman proves to show both strengths and weaknesses in his argument. The strength in his argument is that the claim he makes is obvious, and his reasons for defending his claim are visibly stated. He states, â€Å"The claim that legalizing same-sex marriage will hurt traditional marriage is puzzling†¦ In states with legalized same-sex marriage, there has been no discernible effect on other marriages.† The behaviors of same-sex couples should not affect the behavior of heterosexual coup les. When analyzing reasons provided by Koppelman, one could note the reasons stated are all relevant to his thesis explaining the reasons why gay marriage does not effect on other marriages. When analyzing his reasons for propaganda, one will notice his use of propaganda to persuade the

Operations and Process Management †Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss that the managers of the company, can always learn something from the operations and process management. Answer: Thesis statement The statement discusses that the managers of the company, can always learn something from the operations and process management. The subject discusses about the operation in the management beyond industry and processes. Cisco Systems, Inc. is the largest networking company in the world (Slack, 2012). This American multinational corporation technology company specialises in designing, manufacturing and selling network equipments all over the world. Being the Project Manager of the service department in Cisco Systems, it is important to study operations and process management irrespective which department you work for. Operations management mostly consists of planning, organising as well as supervising in the context of manufacturing and production or the terms of services. It mainly focuses on delivery so that the organisation runs properly and the output it creates is optimised. The inputs are technology, equipment, human resources and materials (Slack, 2012). Compared to some, it is easier to understand the operations functions of few organisations like the automobile industries (Slack, 2012).Any organisation that produces any sort of services or products has operations. They also require gaining profit from producing such services and products. Cisco Systems aims at the same from its operation activities. Operations management is necessary for large and small organisations. This is because no matter what their size is, they produce services and products and deliver them efficiently to the customers. Large organisations have higher amount of resources, which the smaller organisations lack, and this means higher degree of manipulation required to meet the requirements. The smaller organisations on the other side can easily adapt to the changing needs of the customers and environmental situations as they have informal structures. Decision-making becomes comparatively difficult as smaller number of people have Operations management is necess ary in non-profit organisations like hospitals, government departments, welfare charities, many more (Krajewski et al., 2013). Like the commercial organisations, the non-profit organisations need to make similar decisions regarding performance measures, investment in technologies, many more. It is more complex because it involves the environmental, political, social and economical angles. Operations management deals with various duties. One of the key functions of operations management is designing. It includes product development, how and when the product be sold in the market. It is also related to the expectations of the customers in the present market and the ultimate product design. Using information systems to monitor these factors are also very important. Planning is another function, it can be explained as how the management plans to utilise the available resources to deal with the present situations. It helps the organisations to adapt to the various environmental situations, like the change in demand. As the term already mentions management, operations management consists of managing to achieve successful operations. They do it through encouraging the employees which has positive effects of performance and is generated through culture, training and leadership. Coordination is very important and it deals with the method of interrelating with the various parts of the work together. It is the coordinating present between the various responsibilities and roles of the staff and the operational team. They make the organisations able to compete because they have the ability to respond to the customer by changing their capabilities. This keeps them ahead of competitors. According to Brandon et al., (2012), five basic factors can be evaluated to understand how the firm or the organisation is performing. First, cost of production should be low. Second, there should be no compromise with the quality. Third, the organisation must have speedy response to the changes that occur in the environment. Fourth, the organisation should have characters of dependability so that the customers can depend on them for delivery of services and products. Lastly, the organisation should be flexible enough to adapt to the changes. All the factors are necessary to function properly in the operations, The function also requires a good process design. Some of the factors that influence design are fit for the purpose, choice of materials needed, finishing of the products or services, durability, maintenance, efficiency and consumer demands and following latest fashion trends. The first factor is fit for the purpose that deals with the products and services which will be meeting the particular demands of the customers without failure. The second factor is choice of materials needed, which describes that the design should clarify to the use of the product and the cost along with the quantity that needs to be produced. The third factor is finishing, which is related closely with the kinds of materials used in production. The fourth factor describes the durability, which depends on the market cost of the product, the specific use and the planned obsolescence of the product in due time. The fifth factor is maintenance. Maintenance needs of any products or services should not be over looked. It must be easy for the consumers. The last factor is efficiency that is directly related to the quality of the product. With higher quality, the product will be highly efficient. Consumer demands and following latest fashion trends: The products and services should be appropriate for the latest trends and customer demands. Cisco Services uses the operations management and helps to cut down the operational expenses of Cisco IT. They also helped in accelerating technology adoption and improving network performances. In addition, Cisco IT has lowered the total cost of ownership. In the last five years, the company has faced such problems, which has stumbled in the major growth of the company. As a result, the operation cost has also become high. The challenges were deploying an IT budget and investments of the company. The company also faced problems in the strategic plans, lower TCO, improve operational efficiency and create support for increasing business demands. The solution consisted of a proactive approach for operations in IT. Cisco service provides the necessary guidance on optimisation, design, operations and operations and Cisco Network Optimisation service (NOS). Application of the above-mentioned approach and services resulted in a faster and cost effective way of resolving the support issues in Cisco IT. The delivery time was reduced to an hour. They achieved six-fold degrees in hours spent in support issues (quarterly). A major 30% reduction was achieved in the presence of critical issues of Cisco network (Senz and Revilla, 2013). Operations management requires proper skills and knowledge with respect to when and which techniques to apply in order reach the desired results. It is clear from the thesis that operations management deals with all the processes, which are necessary for carrying out the essential operations of any company or business. The main two processes of any organisation are selling services and products. Thus, it includes functions of the operations to optimise situations and resources for production of quality services and products. It requires constant analysis and look out for new opportunities for betterment of the company. A strong overlapping is often expected between the areas of engineering, supply chain management and logistics. It can be safely said that there are various industries where the effective managerial skills of the operations managers are responsible for the companys successes. References: Brandon-Jones, A., Piercy, N. and Slack, N. (2012). Bringing teaching to life: Exploring innovative approaches to operations management education. International Journal of Operations Production Management, 32(12), pp.1369-1374. Brown, S., Bessant, J.R. and Lamming, R. (2013). Strategic operations management. Routledge. Chase, J. (2012). Operations management. Tata McGraw-Hill. Khanna, R.B. (2015). Production and operations management. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Krajewski, L.J., Ritzman, L.P. and Malhotra, M.K. (2013). Operations management: processes and supply chains. New York: Pearson. Mishan, E.J. (2015). Elements of Cost-Benefit Analysis (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. Senz, M.J. and Revilla, E. (2013). Cisco Systems, Inc.: Supply chain risk management. The Supply Chain Management Casebook: Comprehensive Coverage and Best Practices in SCM, 80. Slack, N. (2012). Operations and process management. Harlow: Pearson.